基于认知语言学的聋人手语转喻研究

On the Metonymy of Hearing-Impaired People's Sign Language Based on Cognitive Linguistics

转喻是普遍的语言现象,是人类重要的思维方式和认知工具之一。手语在词汇层面存在着大量的转喻。聋人和健听人一样,在认知过程中善于用凸显、易感知、易辨认的部分代替整体或其他部分,或用整体代替部分。本研究通过对搜集到的聋人自然手语语料的分析,揭示了手语转喻的认知运作机制以及典型的转喻构词方式,如特征转指人或事物,事件要素之间的转指,行为转指抽象概念,约定俗成的转指等。并分析了手语转喻构词的语义特点和词法特点。

Metonymy is a common linguistic phenomenon, as well as an important tool for man to think and cognize things. Sign language has a lot of metonymy-based words. Just like normal people, hearing-impaired peo- ple are in the cognitive process adept at replacing the whole or a certain part with something notable, perceivable or recognizable, or replacing a certain part with the whole. This study, based on an analysis of the corpus of nat- ural sign language from heating-impaired people, reveals sign language-based metonymy＇ s cognitive mechanism, and typical methods of metonymy＇ s morphology; for example, certain characteristics of a person or thing are used to refer to the whole of the person or thing, certain elements of an event are used to refer to the event itself, a certain act is used to refer to an abstract concept, and a conventional statement is used to refer to a certain person or thing. Also, the study analyzes the semantic and grammatical features of sign language-based metonymy＇ s morphology.