京剧旦角艺术崛起之原因探析

Exploration of Reasons for the Rise of Dan on Peking Opera Stage

京剧旦角艺术的崛起与清末民初以来的女性解放思潮有着深远的联系。女性思潮的涌动鼓励了一批女演员加入京剧队伍,也激发了一批女性观众进入剧场。女性演员和观众的加入使得京剧的角色行当结构发生了变化。而京剧旦角演员的改革则是旦角艺术崛起的内在原因。以王瑶卿和四大名旦为代表的表演艺术家对旦角艺术的改革打破了旦角门类的艺术壁垒,创造了旦角艺术的辉煌。

The thriving of the role of Dan in Beijing Opera is profoundly related to the tides of Woman＇s Emancipation in early Qing Dynasty. The feministic trend encouraged a number of ac- tresses to join the Beijing opera performers and groups of female audience to enter the theatre, thus changing the structure of roles, which contributes to the development of the art of the role of Dan. The reform in the role of Dan is a breakthrough represented by artists including Wang Yaoqing and the four famous Dan artists and culminated in the thriving of the art of Dan.