四川省结核病患者中艾滋病病毒感染现状及流行特征研究

Epidemic Status of HIV/AIDS Among TB Patients in Sichuan

目的了解四川省结核病患者中HIV感染现状和流行病学特征，探讨结核病人发生HIV感染的高危因素。方法对四川省15个县（区）结核病防治机构在2009—09—01／12—31期间所有新登记的结核患者采用问卷调查与实验室检查确认相结合的方法，收集其结核病相关信息和HIV抗体检测结果，对HIV阳性者收集其艾滋病高危行为等相关信息。结果在接受HIV检测的1779例结核病患者中，共有29例HIV阳性者，HIV感染阳性检出率为1．63％。组间比较发现，15～44岁组（2．4％），彝族（5．8％），离异或丧偶（8．7％）和复治结核病患者（4．5％）中HIV检出率高于其他组（P〈0．05）。29例双感患者中，23例（79．3％）为男性，16例（55．2％）为涂阳结核病患者，23（79．3％）咳嗽咳痰大于等于2周，22例（75．9％）最可能的感染途径为注射毒品。结论四川省TB／HIV双重感染疫情较为严重，应将中青年男性结核病患者、复治患者以及吸毒人群结核病患者作为‘FB／HIV双重感染防治的重点人群并着重加强少数民族地区的TB／HIV双重感染防治工作。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of HIV co - infection among patients with tuber- culosis （TB） and to identify the high risk factors. Methods All newly registered TB patients from September 1, 2009 to December 31 in TB prevention and control agencies in 15 counties were investigated and detected with both questionnaires and laboratory tests for screening HIV/AIDS. Results A total of 1, 799 TB patients were enrolled and 29 cases were confirmed of HIV/MDS, accounting for 1.63%. Co - infection rates of 15 -44 year old group （2.4%）, Yi ethnic （5.8%）, divorced or widowed （8.7%） and re - retreated TB patients （4.5%） were significantly higher than other groups （P 〈 0.05）. Of the 29 TB/HIV co - infection cases, 23 cases （79.3%） were male, 16 （55.2%） were smear - positive TB patients, 23 （79.3%） with the symptom of cough and expectoration at least two weeks, 22 cases （75.9%） were most likely infected by using drug. Conclusion Prevalence of TB/HIV co - infection is significant in Sichuan Province while middle - aged male TB patients, minority patients, re - treated patients and drug - user TB patients should be paid more attention to.