蜡油加氢催化剂失活分析

Analysis of deactivation of heavy oil hydrotreating catalyst

介绍了中国石油化工股份有限公司洛阳分公司2.2 Mt/a蜡油加氢处理装置催化剂失活现象,从催化剂组成和操作因素两方面对床层温升下降和催化剂活性下降原因进行了分析,发现再生剂FF-24比例较大,约为59.8%;原料油组分重,终馏点700℃以上;脱沥青油品质差;床层结焦等都是影响催化剂失活的因素,最主要的原因是再生剂比例大和原料油组分重。催化剂失活后,装置将反应温度从360℃提高至385℃,气油比从780提至830,但均达不到理想效果,因此采取更换催化剂解决此问题,并将换下的催化剂送中国石油化工股份有限公司抚顺石油化工研究院(FRIPP)分析。FRIPP分析催化剂失活原因为反应器入口温度低,再生剂FF-18无使用价值,原料油品质差。

The sudden reduction of temperature rise in catalyst bed and catalyst deactivation in a 2.2 MM TPY heavy oil hydrotreating unit in SINOPEC Luoyang Company are analyzed in respect of catalyst composi tions and operation factors. The specific causes are the higher percentage of FF-24 regeneration catalyst, i.e. about 59.8% , heavy feed whose end point is above 700 ℃ , low quality of deasphalted oil and coke deposition in the bed. The main culprits are a higher portion of regeneration catalysts and heavy feedstock. After catalyst deactivation, the reactor temperature has been raised to 385 ℃ from 360 ℃ and hydrogen to oil ratio has been increased to 830 from 780. All these have failed to achieve the satisfactory results, and the catalysts have to be replaced to solve the problem. The analysis by FRIPP shows that the catalyst deactivation is due to low reactor inlet temperature, no utilization value of the regeneration catalyst FF-18 and poor quality of feed oil.