小儿外科病房医院感染的危险因素调查

Investigation of nosocomial infection risk factors in department of pediatric surgery

目的 探讨小儿外科住院患儿医院感染的危险因素及降低感染率的措施. 方法 对本院小儿外科2012年1月1日至2012年12月31日收治的1 068例患儿的一般资料及医院感染相关因素进行分析. 结果 医院感染发生率为9.18％.医院感染部位以上呼吸道感染为主,占43.93％,手术切口感染占25.23％.病原菌以大肠埃希菌检出率最高.年龄＜3岁、伴有基础疾病、手术、住院天数＞14 d及Ⅲ类切口手术的患儿医院感染的发生率显著升高（P＜0.05）.采用多因素Logistic回归分析,发现年龄＜3岁、伴有基础疾病、手术、Ⅲ类切口手术及住院天数＞14d是医院感染的危险因素（P＜0.05）. 结论 小儿外科患儿易发生医院感染,对危险因素的有效管理,对降低医院感染具有极为重要的临床意义.

Objetive To explore the risk factors of nosocomial infection and method for reducing infection.Methods To analysis the general information and relevant factors for nosocomial infection of 1068 case of patients whom hospitahzed in pediatric surgery department during the period from Jan 1,2012 to Dec 31,2012.Results Incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 9.18％ ;upper respiratory infections accounted for 43.93％ ;surgical incision infection accounted for 25.23％ ;The primary pathogenic bacterium is E.coli;The incidence of infection was higher in patients who age less than 3 years old,have basic diseases,postoperative,mean hospital stay ＞ 14 d and patients in type Ⅲ incision operation （P ＜ 0.05） ; logistic regression analysis showed that age less than 3 years old,have basic diseases,postoperative,mean hospital stay ＞ 14 d and patients in type Ⅲ incision operation were risk factors of nosocomial infection （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion Pediatric surgery patients easily suffers from nosocomial infection during hospitalization.enhance management of risk factors had a great clinical significance to reduce the occurrence of hospital-aquired infection.