发展中不平等问题的中韩比较

A Comparison of the Developmental Inequality between China and South Korea

韩国在1970-1984年与中国1992-2006年间有着十分相似的经济状况并且几乎以相同的轨迹增长数据比较显示:中韩在经济发展过程中,中国的基尼系数、城乡人均收入差距等都呈逐渐增加并不断高于韩国的趋势;但是在教育支出、中高等教育入学率等方面都远不及韩国的增长速度。韩国的农村建设、教育制度、社保制度保证是韩国缩小城乡差距,实现一元化经济的三大重要因素,而中国在这几方面都存在不同程度的不足与政策缺失。全面推进新农农村建设、大力发展教育事业完善社保制度是解决当前中国收入差距不断扩大、经济发展中的收入分配不平等问题的重要举措。

There exist great similarities in economic situation and almost the same growth path between 1970- 1984＇s South Korea and 1992-2006＇s China. Data shows that during the process of development, there is a tenden- cy for China to overtake South Korea in terms of Gini index and per capita income gap between urban and rural are- as as they are increasing gradually ; but the growth speed of China in educational expenditure, secondary and higher education enrollment rate are not as that fast as those in South Korea. There are three key factors for South Korea to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and centralize the economy including new village construction, educational system and social security system. While in China there is either deficiency in those aspects or no relevant policies. In order to solve the problems, such as the growing income disparity between urban and rural areas and inequality in income distribution, we should fulfill the new village construction, develop education and build a per- fect social security system.