一种简易光谱实验仪的设计与实现

The design and implementation of a simple spectroscopy instrument

针对传统光谱仪在实验教学方面存在的问题,设计了一种成本低、体积小的简易光谱实验仪.该光谱实验仪可以探测340～1000 nm光谱范围内的光.基于光敏三极管良好的光电特性和光谱特性,用中心波长不同的窄带滤光片将入射光分光后分别照射到相应的光敏三极管上.定量反映光照度的各光敏三极管所产生的光电流,经电路转换成电压并放大后被计算机实时采集,利用相应VB程序的处理,在程序界面上实时呈现光谱图.通过探测卤钨灯的光谱,与传统光谱仪探测的光谱图相比较,观察得到两者光谱图包络基本一致,满足了教学实验仪的需求.

In order to solve the problems of traditional spectrometers in the experimental teaching, a low-cost and small-sized spectral instrument is designed and implemented, which can detect light range from 340 nm to 1 000 nm. The instrument is mainly based on the good electro optical and spectral characteristics of phototransistor. The incident light is scattered and irradiated to the phototransistor separately with the use of different center wavelengths of narrowband filters. The photocurrent produced by the light intensity of each phototransistor current is quantitatively reflected. It is then converted into a voltage by the circuit and gathered into the computer in real time after being amplified. The spectrogram will be presented on the interface through the procession of VB program. By detecting the spectrum of halogen tungsten lamp, and then comparing it with the traditional spectrometer, it is found that their spectrum envelopes are basically the same, which meets the needs of teaching experimental instruments.