中国近岸海域环境监测技术路线研究

Technical Framework for Coastal Environmental Monitoring and Assessment in China

针对中国"十二五"期间近岸海域环境形势和管理需求,在分析国内外监测技术发展趋势的基础上,提出现阶段近岸海域环境监测技术路线应以优化布点、现场采样、实验室分析、浮标自动监测和卫星遥感为基本手段,重点针对河口、海湾区域富营养化和生态效应问题,依托国家、省/分站、地(市)和县(区)四级监测运行模式,完善近岸海域质量、海岸带环境、陆源输入通量、监控预警和事故应急监测方法,构建基于生态目标的近岸海域环境综合监测和评价体系,并对各类监测点位、监测指标和监测频次进行了优化筛选。

In order to meet the requirement of coastal environmental monitoring and assessment during the ＂ 12th 5-year （2010-2015） plan＂,a technical framework was proposed based on the recent advances in coastal environmental monitoring technologies.It is suggested that an integration framework,including set-up of monitoring station,field sampling,laboratory analysis,automatic monitoring,and satellite remote sensing should be developed and applied in the monitoring of eutrophication and ecological problems in estuaries and gulfs.Development of a country-province-city-county monitoring network is needed to improve both the monitoring of the coastal water quality and the land-input of contaminants,and establish the incident early warning and response system.To summarize,the development of a comprehensive monitoring and assessment system is needed to be established during the ＂ 12th 5-year plan＂,and the guideline for optimizing the station set-up,the parameters to be monitored and the monitoring frequency should be developed.