摘要
目的分析西双版纳州40年来流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行趋势和流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法对西双版纳州1972—2011年乙脑疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果1972—2011年共报告乙脑病例1384例,死亡184例,年均发病率为4.86/10万,年均死亡率为0.73/10万,年均病死率为9.25%;1972—2001年的30年间,6~9月为流行季节,发病高峰为8月;2002—2011年的10年间,流行季节为5~8月,发病高峰前移至6月;发病以10岁以下儿童为主(占72.20%),职业分布以散居儿童和学生居多(占73.49%);2007年发生近30来较为严重的一次乙脑暴发疫情,疫情波及全州2县1市,持续70余天,共报告病例75例,死亡6例,发病率为7.13/10万。结论西双版纳州为乙脑自然疫源性地和乙脑流行的高发区,存在境外输入病例和免疫空白人群,发病季节前移,存在局部暴发流行的隐患。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and characteristics of encephalitis B in Xishuangbanna dur- ing 40 years, so as to provide basis for developing prevention and control strategy. Methods The epidemic da- ta of Xishuangbanna from 1972 to 2011 were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 1 384 encephalitis B cases from 1972 to 2011 were reported, including 184 death cases. The average annual incidence was 4.86/ 100 000, the annual mortality rate was 0.73/100 000, and the average fatality rate was 9.25%. During 1972 - 2001 , June to September were the popular seasons and August was the peak season. During 2002 - 2011 10 years, popular season for May to August, the peak season went forward to June. Disease cases concentrated in children under l0 years old (72. 20% ) Professional distribution mainly occupied scattered children and students (73.49%) . In 2007, an outbreak of encephalitis B occurred which was the most serious one during 30 years, and the epidemic spread to 2 counties and 1 municipality of Quanzhou which last more than 70 days. A total of 75 cases were reported, including 6 death cases, and the incidence was 7.13/100 000. Conclusions Xishuangbanna is the natural infectious and epidemic incidence area of encephalitis B, existing outside in- put cases and immunization blank group. Morbidity seasons go forward, which lead to the existence of local epidemic potential.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2013年第11期1196-1199,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control