2005-2012年大化瑶族自治县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Dahua Yao Autonomous County from 2005 to 2012

目的了解广西山区大化瑶族自治县近几年流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为今后制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集该县2005-2012年报告的流行性腮腺炎病例及儿童麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗(measles,mumps,andrubella,MMR)的接种资料,采用Excel2003、SPSS 11.5软件进行统计分析。结果该县过去的8年中共发现流行性腮腺炎病例535例,腮腺炎年均人群发病率为15.99/10万,健康人群MMR接种率平均为2.78%,而腮腺炎病例均未进行过MMR接种。该县腮腺炎病例全年均有出现,高峰期分别在初夏和冬季;4~7岁学龄前儿童发病率占44.86/10万;全县病例男女之比为1.82:1;全县16个乡镇均有病例报告,病例数最多的大化镇,年均人群发病率为39.90/10万,占总病例数的49.72%。结论尽管该县人群腮腺炎疫苗接种逐年增多,但近两年腮腺炎病例呈现增多趋势,需进一步加强对重点乡镇及重点人群特别是入学前后儿童MMR的接种及补种工作并提高疫苗接种的质量。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in recent years, so as to pro- vide a scientific basis for the development of prevention measures in the future in mountainous areas of high population density in Dahua Yao Autonomous County. Methods The report cases of mumps and measles - mumps- rubella vaccine （MMR） vaccination data from 2005 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by using E^cel and SPSS 11.5 software. Results A total of 535 cases of mumps were found in the county over the past eight years and the average annual population incidence rate of mumps was 15.99/100 000. The MMR vacci- nation rate of health population was 2.78% , but mumps cases had no MMR vaccination. Mumps cases oc- curred over the whole year and the peak was in summer and winter. The incidence rate of children at the ager of 4 -7years old was 44. 86/100 000. The male to temale ratio was 1.82： 1. There were report cases in the 16 townships and the average annual population incidence rate was 39.90/100 000, accounting for 49.72%. Conclusions Although the county population mumps vaccination has increased every year but in the past two years, mumps cases still showed an increase trend. It is necessary to further strengthen the MMR vaccination and replant work in the key towns and focus groups, especially children before and after enrollment and im- prove the quality of vaccination.