包头市2006-2010年法定传染病流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemical characteristics of infectious disease in Baotou from 2006 to 2010

目的通过分析传染病发病特点和流行趋势，为制定相应对策，控制传染病的发生，降低其危害提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病方法分析2006—2010年包头市报告的法定传染病流行病学特征。结果包头市2006—2010年共报告法定传染病25种，56825例。其中无甲类传染病报告；报告乙类传染病17种，44815例；报告丙类传染病8种，12743例。传染病年发病率在441．86／10万～586．12／10万之间，总体呈下降趋势。血源及性传播传染病年发病率在184．11／10万～202．23／10万之间，占乙类传染病报告总数的48．97％，总体呈上升趋势；呼吸道传染病年发病率在77．03／10万～172．38／10万之间，占乙类传染病报告总数的34．67％，总体呈下降趋势；肠道传染病年发病率在34．02／10万一73．10／10万之间，占乙类传染病报告总数的12．87％，总体呈下降趋势；自然疫源及虫媒传染病年发病率在2．28／10万～38．78／10万之间，占乙类传染病报告总数的3．49％，总体呈上升趋势；新生儿破伤风仅2009年报告1例，发病率为0．04／10万。结论在巩固以往控制传染病所取得成绩的同时，应进一步加大对乙肝、肺结核等重点传染病的防控力度，加强对淋病、梅毒、布病的宣传、教育、监测等干预措施，同时要积极应对甲型HlNl流感、手足1：3病等新发传染病的发生和流行，以达到全面控制并逐渐降低传染病危害，保障人民群众的身体健康。

Abstract： Objective To analyze the clinical characters and epidemic trend of infectious disease, so as to pro- vide scientific basis for developing appropriate strategies, control methods and reducing the harm of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases reported from 2006 to 2010 in Baotou city. Results A total of 25 kinds and 56 825 cases of infectious diseases were reported from 2006 to 2010 in Baotou, in which there was no type A infectious dis- ease, 17 kinds and 44 815 cases of type B infectious disease, 8 kinds and 12 743 cases of type C infectious disease were reported. Annual incidence of infectious diseases was between 441.86/105 and 586. 12/105, ac- counting for 34. 67% with a decline trend. Blood and sexually transmitted diseases were the major constituent of type B infection diseases, which accounted for 48.97%, and the incidence was between 184. 11/105 and 202. 23/105, which showed an increasing trend. Respiratory diseases took the second place which accounted for 34. 67%, with the incidence between 177.03/105 and 172. 38/105, decreasing year by year. The intesti- nal infectious diseases accounted for 12. 87%, with the incidence between 34. 02/105 and 73.10/105, which decreased year by year. Zoonotic and arthropod - borne diseases accounted for 3.49%, with the incidence be- tween 2.28/105 and 38.78/105, increasing year by year. Only one case of neonatal tetanus was reported in 2009 with the incidence being 0. 04/105. Conclusions In consolidating the past achievements of infectious diseases control, meanwhile, further efforts should be made to control hepatitis B, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, syphilis, brucellosis, influenza A/H1 N1 and hand - foot - mouth disease to reduce infectious disease gradually and guarantee the health of public.