妇女输卵管结扎前生殖道感染调查及影响因素分析

Influencing factors for genital tract infections in women before tubal ligation

目的探讨妇女输卵管结扎前生殖道感染的基本情况，对感染及其影响因素进行分析，为降低妇女输卵管结扎后感染与治疗提供参考依据。方法选取2000年1月-2012年12月结扎的1405例妇女为研究对象，年龄28~39岁，平均（33．2±2．3）岁；采取问卷调查与实验室检验的方法进行分析。结果有196例患者诊断为生殖道感染，阳性率为14．0％；感染表现为支原体属感染占39．8％、细菌性阴道感染占29．6％、滴虫感染占11．2％、衣原体属感染占9．2％、真菌感染占5．6％、梅毒感染占2．6％、淋菌感染占2．0％；妇女的年龄、文化程度和有无流产史以及生殖道感染预防知识与避孕措施均是影响生殖道感染的因素。结论临床应加强妇女输卵管结扎前生殖道感染控制，从而有效提高生殖健康，降低感染事件的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the incidence of genital tract infections in women before the tubal ligation and analyze the influencing factors for the infections so as to reduce the incidence of the infections after the tubal ligation. METHODS A total Of 1405 women who underwent tubal ligation from Jan 2000 to Dec 2012 were enrolled in the study, the age of the subjects varied between 28 and 39 year old , with the mean age of （33.2±2.3） years, then the questionnaire survey and laboratory examination were conducted. RESULTS The genital tract infections were confirmed in 196 patients with the positive rate of 14. 0%, among which 39. 8% were with Mycoplasma infections, 29.6% with bacterial vaginal infections, 11.2% with trichomonas infections, 9.2% with Chlamydia infections, 5.6% with fungal infections, 2.6% with syphilis, and 2.0% with Gonococci infections. The age, education level, history of abortion, awareness of prevention of genital tract infections, and contraceptive measures were the influencing factors for the genital tract infections. CONCLUSION It is necessary for the hospital to enhance the control of genital tract infections in the women before the tubal ligation so as to effective improve the reproductive health and reduce the incidence of infections.