手足口病感染病毒分布及感染趋势评估

Viral infections in children with hand-foot-mouth disease and trend of infections

目的了解2010-2012年医院手足口病病毒感染状况和感染趋势,为临床制定有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法分别用实时荧光逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法对肠道病毒普通型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoXA16)进行检测。结果 2010-2012年共检测260份疑似手足口病患儿的送检标本,阳性69例,阳性率为26.5%,3年阳性率分别为17.7%、25.0%35.9%,呈逐年增长趋势;混合感染率为78.3%,单一感染率为21.7%,混合感染远高于单一感染,以EV71型混合感染最多,占72.5%;手足口病发生率男性患儿为31.5%,女性患儿为20.5%,<3岁患儿发生率最高,为35.9%。结论近年该地区手足口病逐年递增,发病率呈上升趋势,应加大防治力度。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of viral infections in the children with hand-foot-mouth disease during 2010- 2012 and assess the trend of the infections so as to put forward effective intervention measures. METHODS The real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction （RT-PCR） assay was performed to detect the common species of Enterovirus （EV） and Enterovirus 71 （EV71） as well as Coxsackie virus A16 （CoXA16）. RESULTS Of totally 260 submitted specimens from the children with suspected hand-foot- mouth disease tested in 2010--2012, 69 cases were tested positive with the positive rate of 26.5%, the positive rate was 17.7% in 2010, 25.0% in 2011, 35.9% in 2012, showing an upward trend; the incidence rate of mixed infections was 78.3%, significantly higher than 21.7%o of the single infection. Among the cases of infections, 72.5% had the mixed infections of EV71. The incidence rate of hand-foot-mouth disease was 31.5% in the male children, 20.5% in the female children, the highest （35. 9%） in the children aged less than three years old. CONCLUSION The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease shows an upward trend in this area, and the prevention needs to be strengthened.