水体富营养化水平对纸莎草地下部化学成分的影响

Effects of Water Eutrophication on the Chemical Constituents of Underground Part of Cyperus papyrus

水体富营养化会导致纸莎草营养状况的变化及次生代谢产物含量的改变。通过典型样地采样和HPLC分析，研究了亚热带高原季风区（昆明）受生活污水污染的沟渠中3种富营养化程度（超富营养一上游、富营养一中游、中富营养一下游）水质对纸莎草地下部生物量和化学成分的影响。结果表明：自上游至下游随着水体富营养化程度的降低，纸莎草地下部生物量显著下降，纸莎草地下部生物量为1．74~3．18kg·m^-2，与原产地相当甚至略高；不同富营养化水质显著影响纸莎草地下部氮、磷的含量，其中中游、下游氮的含量分别较上游下降了43．5％和38．2％，磷的含量分别下降了16．2％和27．7％；不同富营养化水质使纸莎草地下部化学成分发生了显著变化，从上游到下游1-芝麻脂素（38）的含量显著增加，柳杉醇（40）的含量有增加的趋势，黑麦草内酯（18）含量显著减小，猫眼草黄素（35）和青蒿亭（37）的含量受水质影响不大；在未分离鉴定的化合物中，还有10种化合物的含量随着水体富营养化程度的降低而显著增加，有2种显著减少，水质对其他化合物含量的影响不规律。

Water eutrophication could lead to the changes of Cyperus papyrus nutritional status and the secondary metabolites content. C. papyrus were sampled from upper to lower reaches of a ditch located in Kunming botanic garden, the water in the ditch were polluted by do- mestic sewage with different eutrophication levels, and the effects of water eutrophication on the biomass and chemical constituents of un- derground part of Cyperus papyrus were investigated with HPLC analysis. The results showed that the biomass of underground part of C. pa- pyrus were significantly declined with the reduction of water eutrophication. The biomass of underground part of C. papyrus were 1.74 ~ 3.18 kg ·m^-2, which is equal to or higher than that in its origin. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus of underground part of C. papyrus was significantly influenced by the water eutrophication degrees. Compared with the upper reaches, the contents of nitrogen in the middle reaches and lower reaches decreased 43.5% and 38.2% respectively, and the content of phosphorus decreased 16.2% and 27.7% respec- tively. The chemical constituents of underground part of C. papyrus changed dramatically with the eutrophication levels. From upper reaches to lower reaches, the content of 1-sesamin（ 38 ） increased significantly, the content of cryptomeridiol（40 ） trended to increase, the content of loliolide （18） decreased significantly, the content of chrysoplenetin （35） and artemetin （37） were not affected by water eutrophication. Furthermore, the other 10 unknown compounds increased significantly with the decrease of eutrophication, and 2 compounds decreased sig- nificantly with the decrease of eutrophicatio. The contents of the remaining compounds were irregular to the water quality.