西南地区玉米地方种耐旱性评价

Evaluation of Drought Tolerance of Maize Landraces from Southwest China

干旱是威胁我国玉米生产的主要自然灾害之一,选育耐旱杂交玉米组合是应对干旱威胁经济有效的措施。在温室大棚内对29份来自我国西南地区的玉米地方种进行了全生育期耐旱性鉴,结果表明,雌雄花期间隔(ASI)、结实株数、株高、行粒数、百粒重等5个性状耐旱系数与单株籽粒产量耐旱系数的偏回归系数达极显著水平,是玉米地方种耐旱性评价的主要指标。按籽粒产量耐旱系数分级,编号DP1、DP14、DP16、DP26等4个玉米地方种耐旱系数均在0.9以上,属于强耐旱型种质,可以作为选育耐旱杂交玉米组合的种质资源。

Drought is a major natural disaster to China＇s maize production ,breeding drought tolerant maize hybrids are effective measures to deal with the threat of drought.Twenty-nine maize landraces in green-house from Southwest China were evaluated for drought tolerance during their whole growth period.The results showed that the contributions of ASI,fruiting plaint numbers,plant height,row grains and hundred-grain weight to drought tolerance of maize landrace were very significant by the multiple stepwise regression analysis,and these indexes may be used to identify drought tolerance of maize landraces.The drought tolerance coefficients of maize landraces numbered DP1 ,DP14,DP16, DP26 which was graded by grain yield drought tolerance coefficients were all above 0.9 and were belong to the strong drought tolerant genotypes, and could be used as germplasm resources of breeding drought tolerant maize hybrids.