糖尿病患者危险因素性别差异

Gender Differences in Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus

目的研究比较男女糖尿病患病危险因素的异同,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取浙江省15个县(区)17437名居民进行血糖检测和糖尿病危险因素调查,对不同性别糖尿病患者的危险因素进行比较分析。结果调查发现糖尿病患者1529例,粗患病率为8.77%,其中男性683例、女性846例,男女粗患病率分别为8.36%和9.13%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性患者中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<1.04 mmol/L的比例、职业强度为中重度的比例、静息活动时间长的比例和主食摄入量大的比例均大于女性(P<0.05);而中心性肥胖的比例女性大于男性(P<0.05)。结论不同性别糖尿病患者危险因素存在差异,应针对不同性别人群制定糖尿病防控策略。

Objective To examine whether the risk factors for diabetes mellitus differ between genders in Zhejiang. Methods A stratified, multistage, cluster sampling design was used. A total of 17437 local residents were selected from 15 counties. Face - to - face interviews were conducted by trained interviewers, who administered a structured questionnaire relating to demographic characteristics and risk factors. Data were analyzed using Pearsonx2 - test. Results Of the 17437 residents, 1529 of them were diabetes melfitus patients. The prevalence rate for all subjects was 8. 77%, 683 males with diabetes mellitus with a prevalence rate of 8.36% and 846 females with a prevalence rate of 9. 13 % （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. The male patients had a higher proportion of having lower level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol （ HDL - C ）, higher occupational strength, more amount of time in resting activities and more food intake compared with the females （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; while the female patients had a higher proportion of central obesity than that in the males （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Risk factors for diabetes mellitus differ by gender. Gender - specific measures of controlling and preventing diabetes mellitus should be taken in Zhejiang province.