“库露真”名实新释

A New Interpretation of the Name of Kuluzhen( 库露真) and its Counterpart

唐代诗人皮日休《诮虚器》所述"库露真"名实,历来众释纷纭。释其"名"者包括"库路贞"、"库路真"、"胡洛真"、"斛洛真"、"库露格"、"库穆什"、"骷髅真"等;释其"实"者包括漆器、游牧民族职官、作坊名、书格、胄甲与马鞯等。本文基于"库露真"的史料、语素、音韵、形制与实物等维度考名责实后发现:在史料与语素上,"库路真"是两个语素;在音韵上,"真"或通"针",唐末有语料显示其有混并迹象;在形制与出土实物上,"真"属于"锥(针)髹"技法。据此认为,"库露真"是合成词,它或为"库露针",它是唐政府供北方少数民族使用的木胎锥髹饮食酒具,也是襄阳漆贡器生产与唐政府外交文化的见证。

Kuluzhen( 库露真) was recorded by poet Pi Rixiu( 皮日休) in Qiao Xu Qi( 《诮虚器》),which name and counterpart had been discussed a lot. Its name was translated into 库路贞,库路真,胡洛真,斛洛真,库露 格,库露格,骷髅真,and so on. Its counterpart was considered as many things,such as a lacquer,a nomadic official,a workshop name,a book format,a suit of armor,a saddle,etc. This article draws from the historical data,morpheme,phonology,form and material objects of Kuluzhen and leads to a conclusion that: Kuluzhen is a compound word,it may transform into 库露针,and counterpart to a lacquerware wine set offered to the north minority by the government in the Tang Dynasty,which can also be representative to the lacquerware production and the Tang government diplomacy.