儿童过敏性疾病过敏原检测阳性结果分析及护理管理

The Positive Results of Allergy Testing and Nursing Management for Children with Allergic Diseases

目的分析265例儿童过敏性疾病患儿过敏原阳性反应结果分布情况,为防治该种疾病提供依据。方法采用皮肤点刺试验对265例过敏性疾病患儿(其中过敏性鼻炎158例和哮喘107例)进行过敏原皮肤点刺试验。结果在265例过敏性疾病患儿过敏原结果阳性反应中,发现吸入性过敏原显著高于食入性过敏原。吸入性过敏原主要为粉尘螨和屋尘螨,粉尘螨阳性反应为255例,占81.2%;屋尘螨阳性反应为235例,占74.8%;其次为蟑螂46例,占14.6%;海虾和海蟹过敏原为食入性过敏原,阳性反应分别为30例和28例,分别占9.5%和8.9%。结论认为过敏原检测能为过敏性疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供依据。

Objective The aim of this research is to offer reference to prevent the children allergic disease by analyzing the positive reaction result distribution of allergen of 265 children who suffer from allergic disease. Methods Skin prick test was conducted among 265 children with allergic disease （158 cases with allergic rhinitis and 107 cases with asthma）. Results Among the 265 cases of positive reaction, we find that the incidence of inhaled allergen is obviously higher than the ingestion allergen. The main compose of the inhaled allergen are the dust mites （255 cases, accounting for 81.2%） and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （235 cases, accounting for 74.8%）, followed by the cockroach allergen （46 cases, accounting for 14.6%）, sea scrimp （30 cases, accounting for 9.5%）, and sea crab （28 cases, accounting for 8.9%）. Conclusions The detection of allergen is the prerequisites of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.