孕妇心理健康状况调查分析

Study on Psychological Health Situation Among the Pregnant Women

目的研究妊娠期妇女心理状况,并探讨针对孕妇不健康心理的干预措施。方法以2009年1月至2011年6月间来我院产科门诊的妊娠妇女150例为研究对象,医师运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对妊娠期妇女进行问卷调查,研究妊娠期妇女心理健康状况以及心理不健康孕妇9种症状因子(强迫、躯体化、人际关系、焦虑、抑郁、偏执、敌对、恐怖和精神病性)的具体体现。结果忧郁、焦虑、躯体化是孕期妇女出现的主要的心理异常变化,忧郁、焦虑、躯体化发生率在13%左右。同时,孕妇心理异常与家庭经济状况不佳、生活条件差、夫妻关系不和谐、重要亲人丧亡等家庭和社会因素有关。结论妇女怀孕期间较容易出现心理健康问题且发生几率比较大,医师要对此加以重视,针对心理有问题的孕妇,通过筛查早发现问题并及时干预,尽早矫正出现心理问题的孕妇的心理状况,防止心理问题恶化,促进母婴身心健康水平的提高。

Objective To investigate the psychological health situation among the pregnant women. Methods 150 pregnant women were in the term of the study. We measured their psychological health situation with the SCL-90 for a questionnaire survey on pregnant women and made the relation analysis. Study indicators included the compulsion, somatization, interpersonal relationship, anxiety, depression, paranoia, hostility, terror and psychosis. Results Depression, anxiety and somatization were the major problems in the pregnant women＇s psychological health （about 13%）. Psychological health was closely related with the economic level, living conditions, and the relationship with family members. Conclusions The risk of the psychological problem among the pregnant women is higher than that in the normal people. More attention should be paid to early screening and nursing intervention, so as to improve the psychological health of pregnant women.