空间机构运动行为模拟概念研究

Simulation Study on Motion Behavior of Spacecraft Mechanisms

空间机构在太空执行各种运动功能,面对复杂的空间环境,空间机构设计必须考虑微重力环境或重力及其释放问题,而研究空间环境效应,首先需要地面模拟试验的配合。目前,长时间地面微重力环境无法理想模拟,空间机构地面模拟研究因此受到了一定制约。为此,本文在分析重力对运动关节界面间隙及运动阻力影响的基础上,提出以运动行为模拟代替运动环境模拟、开展空间机构地面模拟研究的设想,并指出需要解决的主要科学技术问题,建议开发空间机构运动行为地面模拟试验平台技术、重视大型空间精密操控机构的重力及其释放问题研究。

Spacecraft mechanisms perform various motion functions in space. In the unique space environment, microgravity, gravity and its release must be taken into account during the design of the spacecraft mechanisms. Generally, the ground simulation test is needed first in the study of space environment effects. However, because the gravitational field is everywhere on the ground, it is difficult to get a real microgravity environment for a long duration during the ground microgravity environment simulation test, which has been a challeuge for the research of spacecraft mechanisms. Therefore, based on analyzing the effects of gravity on motion resistance and interface of joint clearance, a novel idea to overcome the bottlenecks of ground based researches on spacecraft mechanisms was proposed ： to simulate motion behavior of spacecraft mechanisms in microgravity environment instead of the microgravity environment simulation; some main scientific and technological problem to be solved were pointed out. In addition to fundamental researches, building a platform for ground motion behavior simulation test was proposed. In the end, on - orbit tests for proving the research results were proposed, and it is suggested that special attention must be paid to problems caused by gravity release of large accurate spacecraft mechanisms.