虚无主义与近30年小说研究论纲

Nihilism and the Outline of Novels Studies in the Past 30 Years

虚无主义是20世纪中国知识分子精神史中不可忽视的重要现象。尤其在近30年来的当代小说中,虚无主义具有结构性的意义。小说家对价值虚无的痛苦认知与超克虚无的坚韧努力,使得这一时间段以来的小说创作不但在精神深度上达到了较高的层次,更让小说文本内部充满了哲学与文学之间的强大张力。将近30年小说确定为一个有特殊意义的对象整体,打破文学史的一般写作模式,不完全按照诸如从先锋小说、新写实小说、新历史小说、新状态小说到后先锋小说等的线性时间的递进顺序,而是采取逻辑与历史相结合的共时性解读方法,从虚无主义的角度把被经典文学史基本确定命名的上述各类小说形态揉合成一个相互交缠渗透的写作整体,能提炼出近30年小说写作的内在精神本质。

The Nihilism is an important phenomenon in the spirit history of Chinese intellectuals in 20th Century. Especially in the contemporary novels in recent thirty years, the nihilism is of the structural significance. With the novelist＇s pain cognition of value nihility and tough effort to overcome nihility, novels recently not only reached higher level in spiritual depth but also brought about the powerful tension between philosophy and literature in the text. Considered novels in the latest thirty years as a special object,it broke the general writing pattern of history of literature, not completely in accordance with the progressive order of linear time such as the vanguard novels, the new realistic novels, the new historical novels, the new state novel to the avant-garde novels etc., then took the synchronic interpretation method of combination of logic and history, kneading the novels above into a mutual interlacing writing unit from the nihilistic point of view, so one of inner spiritual essence of novels in the latest thirty years can be extracted; Analysis of the ideology root of spiritual predicament of modern Chinese intellectuals from the nihilism aspect can be conducive to reconstruct the broken self value system and to promote contemporary novel narrative crack the mental problems of modernity.