热/机械耦合冲击下新能源汽车电池非均质材料损伤效应

Damage effects of heterogeneous material of new energy automotive batteries under thermomechanical shocks

非均质材料有着优良的综合性能,在新能源汽车电池材料领域中具有重要地位,国际上对其研究围绕载荷、温度环境以及物理、化学性能展开.由于非均质材料的微结构非均质性和浓度梯度变化,使得其在电池热/机械耦合冲击防护领域有广泛应用.热/机械耦合冲击下新能源汽车电池材料的损伤效应一直是备受关注的课题,介绍了新能源汽车电池非均质材料理论和实验技术,评述非均质材料在热/机械耦合冲击下的损伤效应,通过理论模型和实验技术揭示裂纹、界面、孔洞等微结构演化历程、运动规律与其宏观性能间的关系,深化对非均质材料的变形与破坏本质的认识,为可靠地分析预测其损伤行为、合理使用及优化设计新能源汽车电池,提供科学依据和技术支持.

Heterogeneous material plays an important role in batteries of new energy automotive because of excellent performance, attracting academic attentions on its load, temperature environment, and properties. One primary application of the material is to protect battery from thermomechanical shocks through its gradient concentration and heterogeneity of microstructure. Briefing on the theory and experimental techniques and reviewing damage effects under thermomechanical shocks, the article presents the evolution of crack, interface, and holes, their dynamics and relationship with macro performance to highlight the deformation process. The aim is to support analysis and prediction of the fatigue behavior, proper utilization, and optimization of the design of batteries for new energy automotive.