宿迁主城区新建绿地园林植物群落树木多样性分析

Garden plant community diversity of new greenbelt in main urban district of Suqian City

【目的】分析宿迁市主城区新建绿地植物群落的物种多样性,为宿迁市及其周边苏北城市的绿地群落建设提供参考依据。【方法】采用典型抽样法,调查宿迁主城区新建绿地园林植物群落的树种组成,对比分析各类型植物群落树木的优势度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数及Margalef指数。【结果】宿迁市主城区新建绿地树种分属68科91属118种,物种组成以乡土植物为主;乔木物种丰富度稍大于灌木,乔木层中附属绿地物种Margalef指数最大(4.1715),道路绿地物种Margalef指数最小(1.449);新建绿地植物群落的乔木层物种Simpson指数总体上大于灌木,其大小依次为附属绿地(0.7876)>居住区绿地(0.7754)>道路绿地(0.7441)>市政广场绿地(0.6535)>公园绿地(0.6460);道路绿地乔木层Pielou指数最大,优势种较少,但分布均匀,附属绿地和居住地绿地灌木种类多且分布均匀。【结论】宿迁市新建绿地园林植物群落物种组成较为丰富,但灌木种类偏少,物种多样性较低,通过选择适宜的园林植物品种,增加种植形式可提高群落的稳定性。

[Objective]Green plant community species diversity in the new greenbelt of Suqian City was analyzed to provide ecological references for the construction of green communities in Suqian City and its neighbors in northern Jiang- su. [Method]Typical samples were collected to investigate garden plant composition, dominance index of trees, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index of trees. [Result]New garden plant community in contained 68 families, 91 genera and 118 species dominated by native tree species. Arbor species richness of Suqian City was slightly greater than that of the shrub. Species Margalef index of the affiliated green space in arbor layer reached the highest（4.1715）, while that of road green space was the lowest （1.449）. The species Simpson index sequence of arbor layer in new green space was higher than shrub, this index sequencing was as follows ：affiliated green space（0.7876）〉residential green space （0.7754） 〉road green space （0.7441）〉 square green space （0.6535）〉 park green space （0.6460）. The arbor layer on road green space showed the highest Pielou index, less dominant species with equal distribution. The affiliated .green space and residential green space showed more shrub species with equal distribution. [Conclusion]Though rich in species, garden plants landscaping in Suqian City lacked shrub species and needed more species diversity. Appropriate plant varieties should be selected to add planting forms and increase community stability.