世情、时序与学术:方回的理学话语建构探微

Social Reality,Changing Times and Academia:on Fang Hui's Discourse Construction of Neo-Confucianism

方回的理学观念,集中反映在他对儒学道统的承传谱系以及儒学的要义、精神品格的阐说上。他对儒学道统的认识,尊奉的是朱熹的意见,并认为这一儒学正脉是实现世道之治的根本;对于其他的各种异说,则不遗余力地加以驳斥。这种价值取向和他在特定时世境遇下的心态诉求及历史反思相关,更根源于其对儒学核心内涵的体认。他既将儒学视为心性修养之学,强调通过读书致知来涵养本心;又将儒学视为实学,突出其关乎人伦、切于当世之务的精神品格。方回的理学话语建构,对于矫正其时之理学流弊,乃至澄清时人对儒学的误解,均具有一定的意义。

Fang Hui＇s philosophy of the Nero-Confucianism was mainly reflected in his discussion and e- laboration on inheritance of Confucian orthodoxy as well as the essence and the spiritual quality of the Confucianism. In terms of the Confucian orthodoxy, he observed Chu Hsi＇s opinion and considered it as the foundation for realizing a peaceful and safety society,while disputing other different views. This val- ue was relevant to his psychological demand in particular environment and his reflection of the history; however,it was more rooted in his understanding of the core connotation of the Confucianism. He regar- ded the Confucian not only a theory to cultivate one＇s mind, putting stress on learning it for self-re- straint,but also a pragmatic discipline, emphasizing its concern for the world, people and human rela- tions. Fang Hui＇s explanation of the Confucian played a part in addressing the problems of the Neo-Con- fucianism in his time,and even helping people clarify their understanding of Confucianism.