转基因多抗杨3号新品种选育

Selecting and Breeding of Transgenic Clones of Populus euramericana ＇MR3＇ by Insertion of Multiple Genes

我国三北干旱地区和内陆、沿海盐碱地区生态环境恶劣，植树造林、植被恢复困难。杨树是我国广为栽培的重要造林树种，利用现代基因工程手段选育具有生长快速、抗逆能力强的杨树新品种，对我国北方工业用材林和生态环境建设的发展具有重要意义。国外转基因林木除了抗病毒的番木瓜已商品化外，其它均处于小规模田间试验阶段。

Populus ＇ MR3＇ is a transgenic clone transformed with five foreign genes （JERF36, vgb, and BtCry3A ＋ OC - 1 ） via genetic engineering approach using Populus ~ euramericana ＇ Guariento＇ SacB , as the receptor. This variety inherits the features of fast-growing and broad adaptation that the receptor possessed and fur- ther enhances the tolerance to various stresses including drought, salt, flooding, and insects feeding. The experi- ments in greenhouse for stress tolerance assays indicated that the expression of foreign genes led to improved toler- ance to drought, salt, flooding, and insects （mainly Plagiodera versicolora）. Field trial in an area with salinized soil in Shandong Province showed a 7.77% increase in stem volume than that of the control clones of 5-year-old saplings. Another field trial at Linghai in Liaoning Province indicated a 15.41% increase in stem volume than that of the control clones of 2-year-old. In the experiments in greenhouse, laboratory, and field, the P. euramericana ＇ MR3＇ showed enhanced characteristics such as fast-growing, higher tolerance to drought, salt, insects, and flood- ing stress, and is expected to be one of the ideal new poplar varieties for wood industry and ecosystem conservation in North China.