68份国外甘蔗种质资源遗传多样性的AFLP分析

Genetic diversity analysis on 68 foreign sugarcane germplasms(Saccharum spp.) with AFLP technique

采用10对扩增片段长度多态性标记(AFLP)引物,对近年来从澳大利亚、法国、美国和菲律宾引进,并保存于国家甘蔗种质资源圃的68份甘蔗种质资源进行遗传多样性研究。结果表明:68份种质间的遗传相似性系数较高,为0.497 5～0.887 9,平均为0.761 2,表明大部分种质之间亲缘关系相近,遗传基础相似,遗传多样性并不丰富;各类种质间的平均遗传相似性系数以VMC型(菲律宾)最大,为0.825,Q型(澳大利亚)和CP型(美国)次之,分别为0.802和0.752,FR型(法国)最小,为0.685;在相似性系数0.676处可将68份种质分为5组,A组含CP67–412,B组含FR94–515,C组含FR96–626,D组含FR94–126,其余64份种质构成E组,占全部种质数的94.1%,A、B、C、D组4份种质与E组种质相比,亲缘关系较远,显示了独特的遗传组成;来自法国的种质资源具有较高的分散度,包含了较多的遗传信息。

We have studied the genetic diversity of 68 sugarcane （Saccharum spp.） germplasms imported from Australia （Q）, France（FR）, the United States（CP） and Philippines（VMC） and stored in the National Sugarcane Germplasm Resources Garden by taking the amplified fragment length polymorphism（AFLP） marker technique. The result shows that the genetic similarity coefficient（GS） among 68 sugarcane germplasms is quite high, ranging from 0.497 5 to 0.887 9 with a mean value of 0.761 2, indicating that most of them have a close relationship with each oyher and a similar genetic base with each other, that there is no enough rich genetic diversity among 68 sugarcane germplasms. The order of the average GS coefficient is VMC（0.825）, Q（0.802）, CP（0.752） and FR（0.685） successively. The analysis by UPGMA indicates that the 68 foreign sugarcane germplasms can be divided into 5 groups （A-E） at a GS coefficient of 0.676. CP67-412, FR94-515, FR964526 and FR94-126 belonged to group A-D respectively. The rest（64 sugarcane germplasms） fall in the group E, covering a percentage of 94.1% of all the germplasms. CP67-412, FR94-515, FR964526 and FR94-126 in Group A-D show a distant relative relationship and a special genetic composition, compared with the others. The study has found that the FR germplasms are more divergent and embody more genetic information than the others.