大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂酶水解法提取工艺的优化

Process optimization on the extraction of phospholipids with enzymolysis method from eggs of large yellow croaker

为了充分提取和利用大黄鱼鱼卵中的磷脂,研究酶水解法提取大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂的工艺。通过单因素试验和响应面设计优化试验,确定酶水解法的最佳工艺条件,并比较酶水解法与溶剂法、超声波法的提取效果。结果表明,选用内切型木瓜蛋白酶、料液比1∶2、pH 6.0、酶解温度45℃、酶解时间1.5 h和加酶量125 U/g为较佳工艺条件。在此条件下,产品的平均提取率可达70.92%,表明响应面法用于对大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂提取条件的优化是可行的。工艺放大试验结果表明,酶水解法的提取率比溶剂法和超声波法分别提高了22.02%和9.6%,说明酶水解法是提高大黄鱼鱼卵磷脂提取率的较好方法。

For better extracting and utilizing phospholipids in eggs of large yellow croaker （Pseudosciaena crocea）, enzymolysis method was adopted here to improve their yield. On the base of single factor experiment, the optimal parameters for phospholipids extraction were determined by response surface method. Meanwhile, the extraction effects were compared with solvent extraction and ultrasonic method. The results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows： endonuclease papain with a ratio of solid to liquid 1 ; 2, pH 6.0, hydrolysis temperature 45 ℃, hydrolysis time 1.5 h, enzyme dosage 125 U/g. The average extraction yield of the phospholipids could be reached up to 70.92%. The results also indicated that the obtained parameters using response surface methodology was feasible for practical estimation. Compared with solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction methods, the yield of phospholipids using enzymolysis method was improved 22.02%, 9.6% respectively in scale-up experiment. These results suggested that endonuclease papain aided extraction technology was one of the effective ways to improve the yield of phospholipids from the eggs oflarge yellow croaker.