不同时期野生兴凯鲌消化酶活性与肌肉营养成分分析

Digestive Enzymes Activities and Nutritive Component in Wild Shinkai Culter Culter alburnus in Different Seasons

为探讨兴凯鲌不同时期的消化生理特点、营养特性及其变化规律,分别于1月份、5月份、7月份、9月份在兴凯湖采集野生兴凯鲌,对其肝胰脏、肠道消化酶的活力变化以及肌肉常规成分和氨基酸质量分数变化进行测试分析。结果表明:①兴凯鲌蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶,均表现为肠道的大于肝胰脏的;②兴凯鲌蛋白酶活性,1月份最低,显著低于5月、7月、9月3个月份(P<0.05);淀粉酶活性以9月份和1月份为高,5月份和7月份低,差异明显(P<0.05);脂肪酶活性由高到低的变化趋势为1月份、9月份、7月份、5月份(P<0.05)。③兴凯鲌肌肉中粗蛋白和粗脂肪以1月份和9月份为高,显著高于5月份和7月份(P<0.05),灰分无明显变化(P>0.05);④兴凯鲌肌肉中检测出18种氨基酸,在不同的月份,质量分数变化各有差异,没有明显一致的变化趋势。

We studied the enzyme activity change in intestine and hepatopancreas and amino composition of muscle to demon- strate the difference and regularity of Culter alburnus digestive enzyme activity and nutritional values in different seasons （January, May, July and September）. All the activities of digestive enzyme （protease, amylase and lipase） in intestine are higher than those in hepatopancreas. The activity of protease in winter is significantly lower than in spring, summer and autumn （p〈O. 05）, whereas, the activity of amylase in autumn and winter is significantly higher than that in spring and summer （p〈O. 05）. The crude protein and fat in C. alburnus muscle in autumn and winter are significantly heavier than those in spring and summer （p〈0.05）, whereas, the ash content has no significant differences （p〉0. 05）. There are 18 kinds of amino acid in C. alburnus muscle with different contents in different seasons.