边缘想象与狂欢书写——析大江健三郎《摆脱危机者的调查书》的狂欢化叙事

Marginalized Imagination and Carnivalized Writing——A Study on Carnivalized Narrative in The Pinch Runner Memorandum by Kenzaburo Oe

大江健三郎的《摆脱危机者的调查书》在小说叙事结构、人物形象塑造、文体风格三个方面上呈现出鲜明的狂欢化色彩。在叙事结构上,小说的双重叙事结构体现了巴赫金狂欢诗学的对话性;在人物塑造上,作者运用升格、降格的艺术手法塑造了骗子、小丑式的边缘人物形象;在文体风格上,杂语式的语言风格寓庄于谐,恣肆戏谑。狂欢化叙事拓展了这部小说的叙事空间和话语表现形式,体现了作家小说叙事的边缘文化立场和精神取向,强烈地传达了他对当代核状况和政治状况的关切和忧虑。

Kenzaburo Oe′s The Pinch Runner Memorandum presents a distinctively carnivalized world in terms of narrative structure,characters and language style.In the narrative structure of the novel,a dual narrative structure reflects the dialogic nature of Bakhtin′s carnival poetics;in characterization,Kenzaburo Oe uses the technique of upgrading and degrading to portray the characters marginalized in society;in style,the hybrid language leads to diverse styles,including both grave and humorous ones.Carnivalized narration expands the novel′s narrative space and discourse form,embodies the author′s position in the marginal culture and his spiritual orientation,and reflects his concern for the situation of nuclear weapons and politics.