玉米全膜双垄沟直插式精量穴播机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Direct Insert Precision Hill-seeder with Corn Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges

为适应我国西北地区旱地玉米全膜双垄沟播作业需求,解决传统膜上播种机具作业存在挑膜、撕膜、种穴与幼苗错位等问题,设计了一种玉米全膜双垄沟直插式精量穴播机。该机采用凸轮-曲柄滑块机构、运动放大机构实现了成穴器的投种控制与定点强制开启。仿真分析与田间验证试验表明,直插式精量穴播机在覆膜垄沟播种作业时,成穴器位于播种段与出土段的水平分速为零,播种株距可在一定范围内调节,穴孔布置、成穴器运动轨迹均合理,满足玉米全膜双垄沟播作业的农艺技术要求。

In order to meet the requirements of planting techniques of dry-land corn whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges in northwest China, to solve the problems about picked film and tore film and kind of holes with seedlings dislocation caused by the traditional film seeding machine, a direct insert corn precision hill-seeder with whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges was designed. It adopted cam-crank connecting rod mechanism and motion amplification mechanism to control the hole-former sowing and force open in fixed-point. Simulation analysis and field experiment showed that when the direct insert corn precision hill-seeder was planting operation with whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges, the hole-former horizontal velocity component was zero in sowing period and excavating period, the planting distance could be adjusted within a certain range, the arrangement of the soil hole and the hole-former motion trajectory were all reasonable, which met the requirements of agronomic techniques of dry-land corn furrow seeder with whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges.