基于CFD的冷藏车车厢内部温度场空间分布数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field Distribution in Refrigerated Truck Based on CFD

以短距离运输冷藏车为研究对象,建立了求解车厢温度场分布的计算模型。模型以车厢内冷气出风口风速、空气温度、车厢壁面以及货物区温度作为初始边界条件,采用计算流体力学(CFD)非稳态剪切压力传输(SST)k-ω模型,模拟不同边界条件和货物不同堆栈方式车厢内温度场分布情况;在特定边界条件下,交替改变出风口风速和货物堆栈方式,通过对比分析,确定最佳出风口风速和货物堆栈方式。结果表明当风速为5 m/s,堆栈方式为中间及两侧留空时冷藏车厢体内温度场分布均匀性最佳。经试验验证,模拟结果与实测结果基本吻合,温度平均绝对误差不高于1℃。

The object was the short distance transportation refrigerated truck, which belonged to current mainstream in Beijing. A computational model was established for solving the temperature field distribution of the refrigerated truck. The model took the wind speed at the air conditioning outlet, air temperature, cars wall and cargo area temperature of the refrigerated truck as the initial boundary conditions. The unsteady shear stress transport （SST） k - to model of computational fluid dynamics （CFD） was used to simulate the temperature field distribution on different boundary conditions and stack methods in the refrigerated truck. Under specific boundary conditions with alternating the wind speed in the outlet and the cargo stack mode, the model could determine the best outlet wind speed and stack way of cargo through comparative analysis. The results showed that when the wind speed was 5 m/s and stack methods was void in the middle and two sides, the temperature field distribution in the refrigerated truck was the best uniform. The tests showed that the simulated values were in a sound agreement with the measured ones and the average absolute error of the temperature was not higher than 1 ℃.