美国州级高等教育治理组织:定位、职能与分类

The State-level Higher Education Governance Institutions in America:Positioning,Functions and Classification

在多元文化的美国,高等教育的治理主体在于各州政府。各州的高等教育治理机构主要是代表州政府或者作为州政府与高等教育机构之间的中间人行使治理、协调或者规划/服务的职能,其定位具有中介性和地方性,功能具有多样性和市场性。州高等教育治理机构的设计根据职能范围、机制构成和组织模式共有三种分类形式。三种分类形式从不同的视角反映了美国高等教育治理组织的复杂性和多样性。

In multicultural America, the governance of higher education in the United States lies mainly in state governments. The state higher education governance institutions in U.S. act as the state government organization or the agency between state government and state universities,being responsible for governing,coordinating and planning or servicing state universities. Their positioning is of the intermediate and local features, their functions are diversified and market-oriented. State higher education governing institutions can be classified into three different kinds in accordance with their functions, operating mechanism and appointment models separately. The three classifications can reflect the complexity and diversification of American state-level higher education governance institutions from different perspectives.