甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区森林生态系统服务价值评估

Estimation of Forest Ecosystem Service Value in the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve in Gansu of China

森林生态系统服务价值评估对于人们全面认识森林生态系统服务功能及制定森林资源保护法规政策具有重要意义。依据《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721-2008)、祁连山区森林生态系统定位观测数据、2008年森林资源调查数据及社会公共数据,对甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区森林生态系统服务价值进行了评估。甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区森林生态系统年服务价值总计为654.44亿元。按服务功能类型的价值比例从高到低排序为:保育土壤(46.59%)>生物多样性保护(25.53%)>涵养水源(14.03%)>固碳释氧(12.69%)>森林防护(0.50%)>积累营养物质(0.41%)>净化大气环境(0.24%)>森林游憩(0.01%)。按森林类型的价值比例从高到低排序为:灌木林地(63.7%)>有林地(34.1%)>疏林地(2.18%)。单位面积林地年均产生的生态系统服务价值为7.47万元·hm-2,其中,最大为有林地,其次是灌木林地,第三是疏林地。本文还对比分析了本次评估与以前较为全面的7次评估之间的差别及原因。

The valuation of forest ecosystem service is of great significance for a comprehensive understand ing of forest ecosystem service and protection of forest resources. Based on the Forest Ecosystem Function Evaluation Criterion （LY/T 1721-2008）, the monitoring data of the Qilian Mountains forest ecosystem, the survey data of forest resources in 2008 and social data, the forest ecosystems service value of the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve in Gansu was assessed. The total value of forest ecosystem service of the Qilian Mountain Nature Reserve in Gansu is 65. 444 billion Yuan per year, and the sequence of the proportion from high to low according to the service function types is： soil conservation （46.59 % ）〉 biodiversity con-servation （25.53 % ）〉 water conservation （ 14.03 % ） 〉 carbon fixation and oxygen （ 12.69 % ） 〉 forest pro- tection （0.50 % ） 〉 nutrients accumulation （0.41% ）〉 atmospheric environment purification （0. 24 % ） forest recreation （0. 01% ）. The sequence of the proportion from high to low according to the forest types is： shrub land （63.7%）〉 forest land （34. 1% ）〉 open woodland （2.18%）. The average annual forest eco-system service value per hectare is 74 700 Yuan, in which the maximum value is for forest land, the second is for shrub land, and the third is for open woodland. The difference and corresponding reason are analyzed between the assessment and previous assessment of forest ecosystem service value of the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve in Gansu.