形容词修饰语的语法地位探析

An analysis on the grammatical status of the adjectival modification

形容词修饰名词通常以[形+名]形式出现,但汉语还有另一种[形+的+名]的形式。以往的研究多将这两种形式统一分析为前者是合成词,后者涉及关系从句,分别解释它们的语法以及语义特点。本文根据更多语料,发现统一分析的不足,提出两种形式均有双重地位:[形+名]是合成词也是短语,[形+的+名]是短语也涉及关系从句。这样的分析不需要增加新的词汇或语法规则,更好地解释了两种形式的语法特点和释义,符合跨语言事实。

Adjectival modification generally surfaces in the form of[A N].In Chinese,however,there is another form:[A de N].Previous work has provided a unified analysis of the two forms,the former being a compound and the latter involving a relative clause,explaining their grammatical and interpretational properties.On the basis of more data,this paper finds some inadequacies in the unified analysis and proposes that the two forms each have a dual status:compounds vs.phrases and phrases vs.relative clauses.Without postulating new lexical or syntactic rules,the dual status analysis of the two forms fares better in accounting for not only the syntactic behaviors of adjectives but also the interpretations these adjectives entail in the two forms.The analysis captures cross-linguistic facts and hence can be extended to the analysis of the adjectival modification in English and other languages.