粪便病毒核酸快速检测在麻疹患儿诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨粪便病毒核酸快速检测方法在麻疹患儿诊断中的应用价值及意义。方法2011年3月至2012年6月临床诊断麻疹的44例患儿，入院时均有发热、皮疹等麻疹感染症状。在入院2d内采集静脉血2ml和粪便标本。静脉血常规分离血清送实验室检测麻疹特异性IgM抗体，粪便标本在冷链条件下送国家传染病实验室检测麻疹病毒核酸。结果44例粪便麻疹病毒核酸阳性38例（86．4％）；检测血麻疹特异性IgM抗体37例，阳性30例（81．1％），阴性7例。血麻疹特异性IgM抗体阴性7例患儿中，粪便麻疹病毒核酸阳性6例。结论粪便病毒核酸快速检测结果与血清麻疹特异性IgM抗体检测结果无明显差异，故与血清麻疹特异性IgM抗体联合检测有助于提高诊断阳性率，且粪便标本的采集具有方便、无痛苦，值得推广。

Objective The present study was designed toexplore the value and significance of viral nucleic acid rapid detection with stool for diagnosing measles in children. Method Clinical specimens including venous blood and stool of acute phase from Hangzhou Children＇s Hospital were collected from 44 infants and children with measles infection from March 2011 to June 2012. We collected 2ml serum samples and stool specimens within 2 days of admission.The venous blood were conventional separated and sent to the laboratory for detecting of measles-specific IgM antibody, while the stool specimens were sent to the National Institute of Infectious Diseases laboratory in cold chain conditions for detecting measles virus nucleic acid. Results The overall positive rates of detection by using venous blood and stool was 81.1% and 86.4%.The 6 cases was negative by detected measles-specific IgM antibody with venous blood, but positve by using stool in measles virus nucleic acid rapid detection. Conclusion The Results of stool viral nucleic acid fast test and serum measles-specific IgM antibodies showed no significant differences.And combination of the two Methods help to improve diagnostic yield, in addition, the collection of stool specimens is convenient and painless, thus is worth promoting.