规制政策选择的政治博弈、内生因素与外在影响

Political Game,Endogenous Factors and External Influences in Regulation Policy Choices

规制政策选择不只是一个技术问题或计算问题,因为政策选择过程是一个政治过程。作为平衡利益冲突的产物,规制政策是政治博弈均衡的结果。在政治博弈中,政治制度框架、利益相关者行为、规制政策制定程序、意识形态和突发事件等会影响规制政策选择。立法机构、司法机构、利益集团、企业和公民等之间的相互博弈,在有助于规制政策合理化的同时,也会决定规制的权利分配,改变规制的成本收益,影响规制的强度和导致规制效率损失。

Regulation policy choice is not merely a technical question because policy choice is a politi- cal process. As a product of balancing interest conflicts, regulation policy is the result of political game equilibrium. In politics, framework of political system, stakeholder＇s behavior, regulation policy-mak- ing process, ideology and unexpected events affect regulation policy choices. Interactions among legisla- tive and judicial institutions, interest groups, enterprises and citizens, etc. , help to rationalize regula- tion. At the same time, these interactions also decide on right allocation and change costs and benefits, which affects the strength of regulation and leads to loss in regulation efficiency.