中国油气田开发分层注水工艺技术现状与发展趋势

Current status and trend of separated layer water flooding in China

分层注水是实现油田开发长期高产稳产的重要技术手段。国内已形成了"桥式偏心+钢管电缆直读测调"主体分注技术,技术适应性不断提高和完善,满足了常规注水井的开发需要。随着水驱油田进入高含水开发后期,注水井防砂、低配注量分层流量测试、高温高压井分层注水、大斜度井分层注水、分层注水实时监测与控制等技术的研究成为分层注水工艺的发展趋势,引领分层注水向自动化、智能化、一体化方向发展,以满足不同油藏、不同井型条件下注水开发对分注工艺的需求,确保水驱油田的高效开发。目前在井下信号无线传输、流量监测、动态水嘴调节等方面取得了阶段性进展,形成了注水井井下自动化、智能化基础理论技术。

Separated layer water injection is one of the crucial means to keep long-term high and stable production of oilfield. ＂Bridge eccentricity ＋ steel cable measuring and adjustment＂ has come into being as the principal water flooding technology, which, with improving adaptability, can meet the need of conventional water injection wells. As the water flooding fields enter high water-cut period, sand control for water injectors, separated layer flowrate test at low injection rate, high pressure and high temperature water injection, separated layer water injection for high-inclination wells and separated layer water injection monitoring and control will be the developing trend, directing water flooding towards automatization, intelligence and integration to meet the requirements of water injection under different reservoir and well type conditions for the purpose of ensuring efficient oil field development. Currently periodic progress have been made in downhole wireless communication, flowrate monitoring, nozzle dynamic adjustment, etc, forming the theoretical basis for automatic water flooding.