农业航天诱变育种的应用及研究进展

Application and Advance in the Space Flight Mutation Breeding in Agriculture

利用宇宙空间的一系列特性使种子发生变异,从中筛选出有利变异进行常规培养,从而获得具有高产、抗病等性状的新品种。从形态学鉴定、生理生化分析、营养成分分析、细胞学观察、分子标记分析航天育种的特点和优势。航天育种开辟了培育特异种质资源和新品种的途径,为粮食作物育种提供了新的种质资源,因而不仅具有一定的理论意义,而且具有十分重要的实践价值。加强航天诱变机理的研究,探索航空诱变因子及其分子生物学与生物化学的反应机理,探讨独立与复合因子的突变规律,加快农业航天诱变育种的飞速发展。

New varieties, with good ability of high yield and disease resistance, is breeding from variant with advantageous variation which to mutate in space. Based on morphological observation, physiological and biochemical analysis, nutritional analysis, cytological observations and molecular markers, the advantages and characteristics of space mutation breeding were analyzed. Space mutation breeding has opened up new ways to cultivate new varieties and specific germplasm resources effectively , provide new germplasm for crop breeding, and thus not only has a certain theoretical significance, but has a very important practical value. To strengthen the study of space mutation mechanism, to investigate the mechanism of biochemistry and molecular biology of space mutation factor, to explore the mutagenesis lawof complex factors with different inde- pendent factors aim to accelerate the process of space breeding.