西藏草场可持续利用的产权研究

Property Studies of Sustainable Use of Grassland in Tibet

分析了学术界对"承包"式产权和共有产权何者更有利于西藏草场可持续利用所存在争论,指出造成争论的原因主要是没有将西藏的生态环境及相应的产权和放牧模式间的关系理清楚。草场环境主要分为平衡生态环境和非平衡生态环境,在非平衡生态环境下应采取"游牧式"的放牧组织模式,其对应的产权为共有产权(或农场主式的私有产权);而在平衡生态环境下应采取定居式的放牧组织模式,对应的产权应是承包产权。西藏属于非平衡生态环境,因此其应采用共有产权。

Scholars hold different views on ＂contract＂ type of property and common property whichever is more conducive to long-term sus- tainable use of grassland in Tibet, the main reason caused controversy due not to sort out relationship between property rights and grazing pat- terns from Tibet~ ecological environment. Grassland ecological environment is mainly divided into equilibrium and non-equilibrium ecological environment, ＂nomadic＂ grazing organizational model and common property （or farmer-style private property） should be used if Tibet belong to the non-equilibrium ecological environment, otherwise ＂contract＂ type of property and settle grazing style organizational model should be taken in a balanced ecological environment, Tibet belongs to the former.