功能中心语的特征突生效应和“的”的特征

如果一个语类的功能性比介词强,它的语类特征就可以描写为[-N,-V]。汉语中三种"的"字的语类特征都是[-N,-V]。词汇中心语和短语之间存在特征渗透关系。功能中心语有特征突生效应,即功能中心语能够决定整个短语的分布和语类特征,使短语突生出[+N]、[+V]一类的特征。功能成分对整个结构的性质具有决定性的作用,这是把功能成分分析为中心语的真正原因。可以将三个"的"分别表示为"[的]v"(整个结构为谓词性,对应于朱德熙(1961)"的1")、"[的]a"(整个结构为状态形容词性,对应于"的2")、"[的]n"(整个结构为名词性,对应于"的3"),以达到区别三者的目的。

If a category has more functional characteristics than the preposition, its categorial features can be described as [ - N,-V ]. The categorial features of three ＂DE＂ in Chinese are invariably [-N,-V 1. Lexical head and phrases have the relation- ship of feature percolation. Functional head has the effect of feature emergent, that is, the functional head decides the distri- bution and categorial features of the whole phrase. The functional word has a decisive role to the nature of the entire structure, which is the real reason to analyse the functional word as the head of the phrase. ＂DE1＂, ＂DE2＂, ＂DE3＂ can be described as ＂[DE]v＇, ＂[DE]a＂ and＂[DE]n＇.