韩国学生不同句法位“在+处所”短语习得考察

A Study on Korean' s Acquisition of “zai(在) + location” in Different Syntactic Positions

"在+处所"短语在句中可作状语、补语和定语,占据五种句法位:主语前、谓语动词前(无主语)、主语后谓语动词前、谓语动词后以及定语中心语前。对韩国学生来说,几种句法位中以谓语动词后的句法位最难,其使用规则也影响学生对其他句法位的习得,应加强"在+处所"短语后置于谓语动词的规则教学。另外,几乎所有句法位都存在方位词的误代、误加和遗漏,"在"的遗漏及与其他相关介词的误代;主语前和主语后动词前两种句法位存在较多错序;定语中心语前"的"的遗漏较严重。这些在对韩汉语教学中都应加以注意。

The phrase of ＂za/ ＋ location＂ can be used as adverbial, complement and attributive. It can occupy five syntactic positions, i.e., before subject, before predicate verb （with no subject） , between subject and predicate verb, after predicate verb, and before headword. The most difficult syntactic position for Korean students is to put the phrase after predicate verb, and the use of this syntactic position also affects their acquisition of other syntactic positions. So we should pay more attention to teaching of this syntactic position. Further, Korean students often misplace, misuse or omit the location words, omit za/ or replace it with other prepositions in each syntactic position, and they frequently put the phrase into the wrong order when it appears before subject or between subject and predicate verb, and they often miss de （的） when the phrase appears before headword. All these errors should be paid enough attention to in Chinese teaching for Korean students.