汉语口语教材中会话对答结构类型的表现分析

The Analysis of Types of Q-A Adjacency Pairs in Spoken Chinese Textbooks

本文运用会话分析理论,对4部汉语中高级口语教材对答结构的类型进行了全面详细的考察分析,并对其在教材中的共现情况进行了考察,指出了目前口语教材在对答结构表现上所存在的问题。在此基础上,本文反思了目前汉语口语教材会话编写中的缺陷与不足,指出了丰富的场景和人物关系对会话多样性的重要性,进而对对答结构在教材中的表现形式提出了具体建议,并筛选出教材编写中应该重点加以表现的30类对答类型,以期为汉语中高级口语教材编写提供参考。

With the theoretical basis of Conversation Analysis, this paper focuses on the usage of Q-A adjacency pair in four intermediate and advanced spoken Chinese textbooks. The results indicate that, the types of adjacency pair pre- sented in the textbooks are limited, which fail to cover enough real situations. Based on the above statements, this paper highlights the importance of various scenes and character relationship, because they may bring a great variety of conversations. In addition, it gives further suggestions on the presenting style of adjacency pair in spoken Chinese text- books. It also suggests that, 30 types of adjacency pair should be selected out, which may provide a reference to text- book compilation.