大学治理结构的经济学分析

An Analysis of University Governance Structure:From the Standpoint of Economics

产权结构是大学治理结构的基础。中国公立高校的产权制度存在缺陷,高校没有法人所拥有的完整独立财产权,无法完整履行从国家所有权中分离出来的占有、使用、收益和章程规定的处分权。公益信托制度有助于这种产权结构的确立。所有权、控制权和收益权的分离,必然会产生委托-代理问题。然而委托人和代理人的信息不对称,法人治理机关事实上不存在,导致中国公立大学法人治理结构是残缺的,与之相匹配的有效激励约束机制和信息披露机制也未形成。中国现代大学制度的顶层结构设计有待完善。

The structure of university governance is based on the property rights structure. For Chinese public universities, the defect of property rights structure is that universities are not fully entitled to property rights as independent legal entities, and therefore can＇t fully fulfill the rights of use, benefit and disposal separated from state property rights. The system of charitable trust can contribute to establishing the property structure. The separation of property rights, control rights and benefit rights would engender a principal-agent problem. The information asymmetry between principal and agent, and the non-existence of corporate governance organs lead to the incompleteness of corporate governance structure in Chinese public universities. Meanwhile, the incentive and restraint mechanisms matching the governance structure haven＇t been shaped yet. The top-level design of modern university system needs to be improved in China.