脑小血管病变与临床诊治

Clinical diagnosis and treatment on cerebral small vessel disease

随着对脑血管病临床研究的不断深入和核磁共振成像各项检测功能的开发和利用,脑小血管病变(SVD)正日益受到人们的关注。由于SVD是隐匿性渐进发展的,所以以往人们对它往往认识不足。血管性认知损害和痴呆与SVD有着密切的关系,SVD的后期可对患者造成不可逆性损害。本文就SVD的病理生理变化、相关危险因素以及临床治疗中的一些注意事项作一综述。

Along with the development of the clinical research on cerebrovascular diseases and utilization of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, increasing attention were focused on cerebral small vessel disease （SVD）. Because the SVD is occult gradual development, it is insufficiently understood. Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia has close relationship with SVD, which can cause irreversible damage to patients in advanced stage. In this review we addressed the pathological physiological changes and the related risk factors of SVD as well as some matters needed in clinical treatment.