终南文化与关学精神

The Zhong Nan Culture and the Study of Central Shaanxi Plain

终南山文化是以山为载体的文化。其总特征是：近傍帝都，历史悠久，内涵丰富，兼备交融。包括自然景观与人文景观交融；帝王文化与民俗文化交融；官吏文化与隐逸文化交融；科学文化与艺术文化交融；宗教文化与哲学文化交融。这五大兼备交融说明：终南山是中国天然的传统文化博物馆，堪称中国的文化名山、世界的文化名山。终南山文化孕育了宋代理学四大学派之一的关学。关学是由北宋张载在太白山麓所创立、至明清时代仍然流行于关中地区的理学学派。关学所蕴含的重使命、崇道德、求实用、尚气节、贵兼容的优秀精神，培育了关中以至陕西人浑厚、坚实、耿直、质朴的文化性格；培育了关中学者勤奋、求实、严谨、有责任心、有正义感的精神品格。关学精神至今仍具有现实意义和宝贵价值。

The Zhong Nan cuhure is a kind of culture based on mountains. Its features are as follows ： The Zhong Nan moun- tain is near to the capital. Zhong Nan culture has a long history and rich connotation, and it is combination of many kinds of cul- ture. It＇ s the combination of nature and the folk culture, the culture of officials and the culture of recluses, the scientific culture and the artistic culture of religions and the culture of philosophy. They are blended in the culture of Zhong Nan. The mixture of dif- ferent cultures proves that the Zhong Nan Mountain is a natural mseum of tradional culture. The Zhong Nan Mountain can be rated as a famous cultural mountain in China and even in the world. The Study of Central Shaanxi Plain, one of the most famous four common studies, is given birth by the culture of Zhong Nan Mountain. The Study of Central Shanxi Plain was set up by Zhang Zai in the Northern Song Dynasty and it was still popular in Central Shaanxi Plain till the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Study of Cen- tral Shaanxi Plain owns some spirits such as emphasizing missions, upholding morals, seeking practicability, and advocating integ- rity. All of the above spirits cultivate the people in Shaanxi profound, upright, and modesty character and also cultivate the schol- ars＇ diligent, practical, responsible, and justical qualities. The Study of Central Shaanxi Plain is still practical and valuable in modern times.