长江沿岸地区物流产业空间结构分析

SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF LOGISTICS INDUSTRY LINKAGE ALONG THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT

城市是物流网络的重要节点。构建了城市物流竞争力评价指标体系,通过主成分分析方法,对长江沿岸28个中心城市的物流竞争力水平进行了评价。从空间、时间、成本3个维度,综合考虑铁路、公路、水路3种运输方式,构建经济距离公式,计算城际综合"经济距离",最后运用修正的引力模型,对长江沿岸经济带城市物流空间结构进行实证分析。结果表明:上海、重庆、武汉、南京物流竞争力水平较高,是长江沿岸物流产业的重要节点;城市群内部的空间联系度明显大于城市群之间的联系度;上、中、下游的城市群物流引力强度之间存在着明显的空间梯度,表现出不同的空间结构特征;皖江城市群与长三角城市群的物流网络呈现较明显的融合趋势。

Cities are important logistics network nodes. Known as the economic development accelerator, logistics industry between cities and regions has become an important support and protection for city development. The level of development of city logistics has become an important symbol of comprehensive strength and modernization process of a city or the economic region.In order to adapt the functional requirements of the city economic activity, city logistics industry is also constantly developing towards the direction of specialization and integration. So city logistics emerge functional differentiation in the space, forming the spatial structure of the logistics industry. The study of the spatial structure of the regional logistics industry contributes to better draw up the logistics industry development plan for policy makers, to promote the integration and linkage and integrated development of the regional logistics industry.A city competitiveness evaluation index system of logistics was built by the method of principal component analysis to evaluate the logistics competitive level of the 28 central cities along the Yangtze River. From three dimensions of space, time and cost, taking comprehensive consideration of the three transportation modes of railways, highways and waterways, the integrated economic distance between cities was calculated; Based on application of the adjusted gravity model, the logistics linkage between the cities along the Yangtze River was measured.The results show that Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing acted as the important logistics industry nodes along the Yangtze River, and there is a clear gradient differences in internal structure hierarchy of cities logistics composite competitiveness in the downstream, midstream and upstream of the Yangtze River. Affected by distance attenuation law,the urban agglomeration internal linkage degree was significantly greater than the degree between the urban agglomeration.Downstream, midstream and upstream agglomeration exhibited different logistics spatial structure and significant spatial gradients difference characteristics. It initially formed a relatively complete logistics network structure in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River cities.The logistics network as the center of Wuhan was taking shape in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River cities. The logistics network system of upstream cities had not yet formed. This gradient difference coincided with the different levels of the internal structure of the composite competitiveness of the logistics industry in the downstream, midstream and upstream of Yangtze cities, confirmed the reality of the existence of a gap between the level of cities economic and social development in the downstream, midstream and upstream of Yangtze. Wanjiang urban agglomeration and the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration presented obvious logistics network convergence trend.The development of the logistics industry along the Yangtze River should be based on the reality of imbalance of the regional economic development in the downstream, midstream and upstream of Yangtze cities, and form the whole basin logistics network by polarization of many ＂node＂ cities which support the economic development gradient along the river with their neighbouring regions.