2012年北京市常住人口麻疹抗体水平调查

Analysis of measles immunity level in persistent populations in Beijing, 2012

目的 了解北京市常住人口麻疹抗体水平.方法 2012年在北京市城区和郊区选择连续居住6个月以上的10个年龄组人群作为调查对象,共2125名.采用调查问卷收集调查对象的人口学特征、麻疹患病史、含麻疹成分疫苗免疫史,并采集静脉血5 ml.使用ELISA检测研究对象麻疹IgG抗体水平.结果 调查对象麻疹抗体阳性率为84.71％（1800/2125）,标化阳性率为88.07％,抗体水平中位数为960.46 IU/L.不同年龄组人群中,麻疹抗体阳性率和抗体水平差异均具有统计学意义（Х^2 =341.60,P＜0.01;H=216.27,P ＜0.01）,其中,1岁以下婴儿最低,抗体阳性率和抗体水平中位数分别为43.06％ （90/209）、185.80 IU/L;1 ～4岁和5～9岁儿童较高,分别为97.31％（181/186）、96.46％（218/226）和2448.81、1910.72 IU/L;15岁及以上人群抗体阳性率在81.98％ ～90.14％之间,抗体水平在744.38 ～ 1474.84 IU/L之间.本市人口麻疹抗体阳性率和抗体水平分别为82.45％（883/1071）、899.82 IU/L,低于流动人口的87.00％（917/1054）和1166.19 IU/L,差异有统计学意义（Х^2=8.51,P＜0.01；U =538 704.00,P＜0.01）.既往接种过含麻疹成分疫苗的人群抗体阳性率和抗体水平分别为91.95％（891/969） 、1443.11 IU/L,高于既往未接种疫苗和免疫史不详的人群[分别为32.95（57/173）和127.33 IU/L,86.67％（852/983）和923.73 IU/L],差异有统计学意义（Х^2=399.92,P＜0.01；H=202.11,P ＜0.01）.结论 北京市常住人口中,1～9岁儿童麻疹抗体水平较高,发生大范围麻疹暴发和流行的风险较小,＜1岁婴儿和15 ～ 40岁本市和流动人口麻疹抗体水平有待进一步提高.

Objective To analyze the measles immunity level of persistent population in Beijing.Methods A total of 2125 objects from 10 age groups,who had been living in Beijing for over 6months,were selected from urban and rural areas in Beijing in 2012.Demographic characteristics,history of measles and vaccine immunization were investigated by questionnaire.5 ml blood sample of each subject was collected,and the Measles IgG antibody was measured by ELISA assay.Results Positive rate of measles antibody was 84.71% （1800/2125） and standardized positive rate was 88.07%.Median of antibody was 960.46 IU/L.Positive rate and median of measles antibody were significantly different between population from different age groups （Х^2 =341.60,P 〈 0.01 ; H =216.27,P 〈 0.01）.Antibody positive rate and median were lowest in the 〈 1 year age group,which were separately 43.06% （90/209） and 185.80 IU/L;and highest in the 1-4 （97.31% （181/186） and 2448.81 IU/L） and 5-9 years age group （96.46%（218/226） and 1910.72 IU/L）.The range of antibody positive rate and median in adults of ≥ 15 years were 81.98%-90.14% and 744.38-1474.84 IU/L Antibody positive rate and median in persistent population,which were separately 82.45% （883/1071） and 899.82 IU/L,were lower than those in migrant population,which were 87.00% （917/1054） and 166.19 IU/L,respectively （Х^2 =8.51,P 〈 0.01 ; U =538 704.00,P 〈 0.01）.Antibody positive rate and median in population with vaccination history,which were separately 91.95% （891/969） and 1443.11 IU/L,were higher than those population without vaccination history and people whose history unknown （32.95% （57/173）,127.33 IU/L; 86.67% （852/983）,923.73 IU/L）.The difference showed statistical significance （Х^2 =399.92,P 〈 0.01 ; H =202.11,P 〈0.01）.Conclusion Among the persistent population in China,measles antibody level among the children aging 1-9 years old was high enough to prevent outbreak and epidemic of measles.However,we should try our best to strengthen the measles antibody level among the babies younger than 1 year old and the migrant population aging between 15 and 40 years old.