家庭社会经济地位与儿童超重肥胖的关系

The relationship between socioeconomic status and overweight and obesity among elementary school children in China

目的 分析家庭社会经济地位（socioeconomic status,SES）与儿童超重肥胖的关系.方法 2010年9-11月,采用分层随机整群抽样方法,根据地理特征、社会经济发展水平等因素,以中国内地8省（市、自治区）为抽样框,抽取19 934名7～12岁儿童作为研究对象,测量其超重肥胖状况.采用Green综合分析方法确定家庭SES.采用多因素logistic回归逐步法分析家庭SES对儿童超重肥胖的影响.结果 Green评分低、中、高家庭的儿童超重率分别为7.4％（538/7295）、9.3％（560/6013）和12.6％（832/6626）,肥胖率分别为4.4％（321/7295）、6.4％（387/6013）和10.2％（677/6626）,差异均有统计学意义（Х^2值分别为133.82、180.27,P值均＜0.01）.在调整年龄、城乡、经济类型地区后,多因素logistic回归结果显示,与低SES儿童相比,高SES男童和女童患超重肥胖的OR（95％ CI）值分别为1.83（1.61 ～2.08）和1.67（1.42～2.00）;中SES的男童和女童患超重肥胖的OR（95％ CI）值分别为1.30（1.15 ～1.48）和1.23（1.04～1.46）.结论 儿童超重率和肥胖率随家庭社会经济地位水平的升高而升高,呈正相关关系.

Objective To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status （SES） and overweight and obesity among elementary school children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November,2010.A stratified random cluster sampling was used from sampling frame of eight provinces by the geographical and economic development distributions in China's Mainland.A total of 19 934 students aged 7-12 years old participated in this study.All subjects were evaluated the status of overweight and obesity.Green＇s scoring SES was used to evaluate the SES of the participants.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between SES and overweight and obesity among children.Results According to the scores of Green＇s SES,the participants＇SES were divided into three levels,the prevalence of overweight were 7.4% （538/7295）,9.3%（560/6013） and 12.6% （832/6626）,and the prevalence of obesity were 4.4% （321/7295）,6.4% （387/6013） and 10.2% （677/6626） from low to high SES level,respectively （Х^2 value were 133.82,180.27,respectively,P 〈0.01）.After adjusted by age,urban and rural and economic regions,compared with the participants with low SES,the OR （95% CI） of having overweight and obesity among participants with high SES were 1.83 （1.61-2.08） for boys and 1.67 （1.42-2.00） for girls ; the OR （95% CI） with middle SES were 1.30（1.15-1.48） for boys and 1.23 （1.04-1.46） for girls.Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity rises with the family＇s SES levels.There was a positive correlation between SES and overweight and obesity among school-aged children.