国际法适用视角下的国际法渊源再认识

Rethinking the Sources of International Law from the Perspective of the Application of International Law

国际法渊源不仅是国际法的理论基石,也对国际法适用起基础作用。有关国际法渊源的学说丛生,对国际法适用都有所涉及,但鲜有完全体现渊源对国际法适用的基础价值,而且在实践中也未达预想的效果,内涵也处于混沌状态。为研究国际法渊源的内涵,促进国际法适用,从国际法适用角度反观各家学说来分析国际法渊源内涵需要的因素具有现实意义。国际法渊源的内涵可以继承"折衷说"形式渊源与实质渊源的思路,在形式渊源上,吸收"效力渊源"效力外衣的有效性和"方法识别论"识别规则的效率性;在实质渊源上,首先要看到目前渊源发展中实质因素融进的必要性,考量正义因素和规则背景因素融进渊源内涵的必要性。

The sources of international law are not only the cornerstone of international law, but also play a fundamental role in its application- There are many theories of sources of international law which touch upon the application. However, they usually fail to fully reflect the basal value of being applicable to international law and have not achieved the desired effect in practice. It is of practi- cal significance to analyze the elements indispensible to the connotation of the sources of international law from the perspective of the application of international law. And a compromise of formal sources and material sources could be achieved with regard to their connotation. In the formal sources, we should take the factors of validity and recognition rules into account. In the material sources, it is necessary to consider material factors about justice, background factors of the rules and so on in the development of sources of international law.