自然灾害与蒙古民族图腾崇拜刍议

Preliminary discussion about natural disasters and Mongolian totem-worshipping

一种自然灾害会导致经常受这种自然灾害危害的民族对其产生畏惧，并逐渐形成一种灾害的文化记忆，久而久之就成为了一个民族产生相关信仰或崇拜的因素之一。蒙古民族居住在北方草原地区，游牧是其主要的生产方式。生产方式的单一和自然环境的脆弱，使他们的经济有很大的不稳定性。狼灾和雷灾是影响他们生产生活的重要灾害，因此蒙古民族及一些北方民族对狼和雷产生了崇拜与禁忌。

A people may become fearful of the natural disaster they have just gone through and gradually form the psychology of worshipping it. The people of Mongolian nationality live in the northern grassland of China, and nomadism is their main production mode. Due to the simple production mode and the fragile natural environments, their economy becomes instable. The attacks by wolves and thun- ders are the main disasters in their life and work. Therefore, the people of Mongolian and other northern nationalities worship wolves and thunders as taboos.